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The basics of DNA

 

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. It consists of two long strands twisted into a double helix and is composed of nucleotides, each containing a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). These nitrogenous bases pair up with each other (A with T, and C with G) to form the "rungs" of the DNA ladder. DNA is essential for inheritance, as it is passed from parents to offspring and determines the traits of an organism

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